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Sun Myung Moon (Korean 문선명 Mun Seon-myeong; born Mun Yong-myeong; 25 February 1920 – 3 September 2012) was a Korean religious leader, businessperson, political activist, and media mogul.〔The Rev. Sun Myung Moon, the controversial self-proclaimed messiah figure who founded the Unification Church and built a business empire from scratch.〕 A messiah claimant, he was the founder of the Unification Church (members of which have sometimes been called "Moonies" and called him their True Father), and of its widely noted "Blessing" or mass wedding ceremony, and the author of its unique theology the ''Divine Principle''.〔(Moon’s death marks end of an era ), Eileen Barker, CNN, 2012-9-3, Although Moon is likely to be remembered for all these things – mass weddings, accusations of brainwashing, political intrigue and enormous wealth – he should also be remembered as creating what was arguably one of the most comprehensive and innovative theologies embraced by a new religion of the period.〕 He was an ardent anti-communist and advocate for Korean reunification, for which he was recognized by the governments of both South and North Korea.〔(Sun Myung Moon's Groundbreaking Campaign to Open North Korea ), ''The Atlantic'', Armin Rosen, 6 September 2012, But for all the focus on the eccentric mogul's quirks and U.S. investments, his role in North Korea may turn out to be his most enduring legacy, a fascinating story of how one man opened one of the very few cracks in this modern hermit kingdom.〕 His business interests included News World Communications, an international news media corporation known for its American subsidiary ''The Washington Times'',〔News World Communications is the media arm of Reverend Sun Myung Moon’s Unification Church. Holdings Newspapers and Magazines GolfStyles Magazine Middle Eastern Times The Segye Ilbo (South Korea) The Sekai Nippo (Tokyo) Tiempos del Mundo (Online Only) The World and I Wire Service United Press International (UPI)〕〔(Yahoo! Finance profile )〕 and Tongil Group, a South Korean business group (chaebol), as well as various affiliated organizations.〔 Moon was born in what is now North Korea. When he was a child, his family converted to Christianity. In 1947 he was convicted by the North Korean government of spying for South Korea and given a five-year sentence to the Hŭngnam labor camp.〔 In 1954, he founded the Unification Church in Seoul, South Korea based on conservative, family-oriented teachings from new interpretations of the Bible,〔 for which he has been criticized, especially by Protestant scholars.〔Daske, D. and Ashcraft, W. 2005, ''New Religious Movements'', New York: New York University Press, ISBN 0-8147-0702-5 p142〕〔Yamamoto, J. 1995, ''Unification Church'', Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Press, ISBN 0-310-70381-6 p40〕〔Walter Ralston Martin, Ravi K. Zacharias, ''The Kingdom of the Cults'', Bethany House, 2003, ISBN 0764228218 pages 368-370〕 In 1971, Moon moved to the United States,〔(excerpt ) The Unification Church Studies in Contemporary Religion, Massimo Introvigne, 2000, Signature Books, Salt Lake City, Utah, ISBN 1-56085-145-7〕 and became a leading figure in a wave of new religious movements that were then raising controversy on several issues,〔 with critics labeling him a cult leader, who made high demands on his followers. In the 1982 case United States v. Sun Myung Moon he was charged by the United States government with willfully filing false federal income tax returns, found guilty in a jury trial, and sentenced to 18 months in federal prison. His case generated protests from clergy and civil libertarians.〔〔( The Unification Church Aims a Major Public Relations Effort at Christian Leaders ) Christianity Today 19 April 1985.〕〔Introvigne, Massimo, 2000, ''The Unification Church Studies in Contemporary Religion'', Signature Books, Salt Lake City, Utah, ISBN 1-56085-145-7, (excerpt )〕〔(Moon's financial rise and fall ),''Harvard Crimson'', 11 October 1984〕 Other controversial events in Moon's life included his presiding over the 2001 wedding of Roman Catholic archbishop Emmanuel Milingo, against the wishes of the Catholic Church including Pope John Paul II;〔(Archbishop rejects Vatican ultimatum )〕〔("The archbishop's wife speaks for herself" ), National Catholic Reporter August 31, 2001〕 and his 2004 "coronation" as the Messiah in a ceremony attended by United States lawmakers. ==Early life== Sun Myung Moon was born Mun Yong-myeong on 25 February 1920, in modern-day North P'yŏng'an Province, North Korea, at a time when Korea was under Japanese rule. He was the younger of two sons in a farming family of eight children.〔 Moon's family rejected the Shinto faith pushed by the country’s Japanese rulers and followed Confucianist beliefs until he was around 10 years old, when they converted to Christianity and joined the Presbyterian Church.〔(Unification Church: Mass Moonie Marriage in the US ), BBC News, Saturday, 29 November 1997.〕 When he was 15, Moon said that Jesus Christ anointed him to carry out his unfinished work by becoming parent to all of humanity.〔〔 In 1941, Moon began studying electrical engineering at Waseda University in Japan.〔 During this time he cooperated with Communist Party members in the Korean independence movement against Imperial Japan. In 1943, he returned to Seoul and married Sun Kil Choi on 28 April 1945. On 2 April 1946 their son, Sung Jin Moon was born.〔 Following World War II, Korea was divided along the 38th parallel into two trusteeships: the United States and the Soviet Union.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work= HD JONGKYO )〕 Pyongyang was the center of Christian activity in Korea until 1945. From the late forties 166 priests and other religious figures were killed or disappeared in concentration camps, including Francis Hong Yong-ho, bishop of Pyongyang and all monks of Tokwon abbey.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work= Missionary Benedictines of St. Ottilien )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work= U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom, November 2005 )〕 In 1947 Moon was convicted by the North Korean government of spying for South Korea and given a five-year sentence to the Hŭngnam labor camp.〔 In 1950, during the Korean War United Nations troops had raided Hŭngnam and the guards fled. Moon escaped and traveled to Busan, South Korea. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sun Myung Moon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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